To Your Health-Nov. 10, 2005

Annual Pap test can prevent cervical cancer

By: Dr. Terry Shlimbaum
   Researchers are telling women to put their health first.
   Having annual Pap testing is the only way to prevent cervical cancer. More than a screening, Pap smears check for abnormal cells on the cervix, making it possible to treat pre-cancerous conditions before they turn into invasive cancers.
   According to a recent report from the National Cancer Institute, about half of the women newly diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer have not had a Pap test within the past five years, and many have never had one.
   Though cervical cancer is highly preventable and treatable, the American Cancer Society estimates 3,710 women will die of cervical cancer this year in the United States. Most will be low-income minority women who lack access to medical care. Underserved women are not only more likely to develop invasive cervical cancer and to die of it but also have higher rates of breast and colorectal cancers.
   Due to an increase in regular Pap testing and screening, the death rate from cervical cancer has dropped by 75 percent since 1955. Researchers believe with widespread Pap testing and the introduction of a new vaccine against human papilloma virus, cervical cancer will be even less prevalent in generations to come.
   Annual screening is recommended for women beginning approximately three years after initiation of sexual intercourse, but no later than age 21. After 30, women who have had three subsequent normal Pap smears and are not considered to be high-risk should continue to get tested at least every three years.
   Cervical cancer can spread quickly before ever showing any signs. Having Pap testing done annually is the best way to prevent cervical cancer.
   Medicare and Medicaid subscribers receive Pap testing at least every three years while private insurance companies provide Pap testing annually under state supervision and are supported by the CDC.
   Pennsylvania and New Jersey are among the states offering testing every two years or more with a doctor’s referral. Check with your health plan to find out what coverage is offered for early detection of cervical cancer.
   We have the technology and the resources to fight this disease, but it’s going to take health-care providers and communities working together to encourage women to have regular testing. Talk to your physician about scheduling a screening for cervical cancer.